4.    Borrowings

Funding Agreement

On January 23, 2020, we entered into a funding agreement, as amended (the “Funding Agreement”), which provided for the issuance to an unaffiliated accredited investor of a convertible promissory note in the principal amount of $111,100, reflecting a 10% original issue discount, 500 shares of our common stock and a five-year warrant exercisable for 7,936 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $9.80 per share in consideration for $100,000, which was funded on January 24, 2020. Repayment of the convertible promissory note was due 45 days from execution of the Funding Agreement, or March 9, 2020, and the investor was granted a most favored nation right. On March 31, 2020, the outstanding debt owed to such investor pursuant to the Funding Agreement was fully repaid. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company recognized $0 and $20,000, respectively, of interest expense from amortization of debt discounts related to the Funding Agreement.

4.    Borrowings, continued

Convertible Promissory Note

On March 30, 2020, the Company completed a private placement (the “March 2020 Private Placement”) of a senior secured convertible instrument (the “March 2020 Note”) and a warrant (the “March 2020 Warrant”) to purchase 227,679 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $6.40 per share, pursuant to which Maxim Group LLC (“Maxim”), acted as placement agent. The March 2020 Note and March 2020 Warrant were issued pursuant to a securities purchase agreement, entered into as of March 22, 2020 (the “March 2020 Purchase Agreement”) by and between the Company and an institutional investor. The March 2020 Private Placement resulted in gross proceeds of $1,700,000, before fees and other expenses associated with the transaction, including but not limited to, an $85,000 commitment fee payable to such investor. The net proceeds received by us in connection with the March 2020 Private Placement were used primarily for working capital, debt repayment and general corporate purposes. Additionally, the Company issue a warrant to Maxim to purchase up to an aggregate of 20,400 shares of common stock, subject to adjustment, as partial consideration for serving as placement agent in connection with the March 2020 Private Placement (the “March 2020 Maxim Warrant”).

The March 2020 Note ranked senior to the Company’s existing and future indebtedness and was secured to the extent and as provided in the security agreements entered into between the investor and each of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiary, in connection with the March 2020 Private Placement. The March 2020 Note was convertible in whole or in part at the option of the investor into shares of common stock at a conversion price equal to the lesser of (a) 90% of the average of the five lowest daily VWAPs during the previous twenty trading days prior to delivery to the Company of such investor’s applicable notice of conversion and (b) $6.40, subject to certain adjustments, at any time following the earlier of (i) 60 days from execution of the March 2020 Purchase Agreement and (ii) the date on which a registration statement covering the shares of common stock underlying each of the March 2020 Note and the related warrant is declared effective by the SEC; however, if the Company entered into an underwriting agreement within 45 days of the date on which the March 2020 Note was issued in connection with an underwritten offering that closes within 45 days of the execution of the Purchase Agreement, such investor may not convert the March 2020 Note prior to the 61st day after the date on which such underwriting agreement was executed.

The March 2020 Note contained full ratchet anti-dilution protection, subject to certain price limitations required by the rules and regulations of Nasdaq and certain exceptions, upon any subsequent transaction at a price lower than the conversion price then in effect and standard adjustments in the event of stock dividends, stock splits, combinations or similar events. Additionally, upon three days’ written notice to the holder after receipt of a notice of conversion, in lieu of delivering shares of common stock upon a conversion, the Company had the right to pay the investor, in cash, an amount equal to 103% of the portion of the outstanding principal amount stated in such notice of conversion. Further, at the investor’s option, the March 2020 Note was convertible into shares of common stock or redeemable for 103% of the portion of the outstanding principal amount to be converted in the event that any transaction causes the conversion price to be lower than as required by Nasdaq rules and regulations. Subject to certain exceptions, commencing on the Conversion Trigger Date (as such term is defined in the March 2020 Note) and for a nine-month period after such date, the investor could convert only up to an aggregate of $102,000 in outstanding principal amount during any calendar month.

At any time after issuance of the March 2020 Note, the Company could repay all (but not less than all) of the outstanding principal amount of the March 2020 Note upon ten days’ written notice to the investor. If the Company exercised its right to prepay the March 2020 Note, the investor had the right, upon five days written notice to the Company after receipt of the notice of prepayment, to convert up to 33% of the principal amount of the March 2020 Note at the applicable conversion price. The investor also had the right to require the Company to repay 105% of the outstanding principal amount of the March 2020 Note in the event of a Change of Control (as defined in the March 2020 Purchase Agreement).

4.    Borrowings, continued

At any time after the closing date of the March 2020 Private Placement, in the event that the Company issued or sold any shares of common stock or common stock equivalents (as defined in the March 2020 Note), subject to certain exceptions, at an effective price lower than the conversion price then in effect or without consideration, then the conversion price would be reduced to the price per share paid for such shares of common stock or common stock equivalents.

In connection with the March 2020 Note, the Company issued the March 2020 Warrant to the investor and the March 2020 Maxim Warrant to Maxim, respectively (see Note 6 – Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity for fair value computation). The sum of the fair value of the March 2020 Warrant and the March 2020 Maxim Warrant, and the original issue discount for interest and issuance costs for the March 2020 Note were recorded as debt discounts to be amortized to interest expense over the respective term using the effective interest method.

The March 2020 Note contained several embedded conversion features. The Company determined that there was no significant value to the embedded conversion features as the underlying events to trigger the conversion features were not likely to occur. The Company did not record any embedded conversion liability related to the March 2020 Note.

On April 29, 2020, the outstanding debt of $2,040,000, owed to the investor pursuant to the March 2020 Note, was fully repaid. During the three months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $0 and $1,352,000 of interest expense from the amortization of debt discounts. During the six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, the Company recognized $0 and $1,389,000 of interest expense from the amortization of debt discounts.

Payroll Protection Program Note Agreement

On May 3, 2020, we received a loan (the “PPP Loan”) from Wells Fargo Bank, National Association in the aggregate amount of $847,000, pursuant to the Paycheck Protection Program (the “PPP”) under Division A, Title I of the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act, which was enacted on March 27, 2020. The PPP Loan was funded on May 7, 2020. The PPP Loan, which is in the form of a PPP promissory note and agreement, dated May 3, 2020 (the “PPP Note Agreement”), matures on May 3, 2022 and bears interest at a rate of 1.00% per annum. Pursuant to a change in guidance by the U.S. Small Business Administration, the initial monthly payment date of the PPP Note Agreement was deferred from November 1, 2020 to August 18, 2021. The PPP Loan may be prepaid by us at any time prior to maturity with no prepayment penalties. We have used the PPP Loan amount for payroll costs, costs used to continue group health care benefits, rent, and utilities. Under the terms of the PPP Note Agreement, certain amounts of the PPP Loan may be forgiven.